COA: DATA REPRESENTATION

We must understand how data is represented by a computer in a view of MIPS programming language.

Character Representation

A byte we have 8 bits. A character is actually represent one byte. In American Standard code for Information Interchange (ASCII), it offered 8-bit byte to represent character.

Here is a section of an assembly language program to assemble the ASCII bit patterns.

.asciiz "XYZ xyz"

Here are the bit patterns that the assembler will produce in the object module:

58 59 5A 20 78 79 7A 00

Binary	Dec	Hex	Abbr
000 0000	0	00	NUL
000 0001	1	01	SOH
000 0010	2	02	STX
000 0011	3	03	ETX
000 0100	4	04	EOT
000 0101	5	05	ENQ
000 0110	6	06	ACK
000 0111	7	07	BEL
000 1000	8	08	BS
000 1001	9	09	HT
000 1010	10	0A	LF
000 1011	11	0B	VT
000 1100	12	0C	FF
000 1101	13	0D	CR
000 1110	14	0E	SO
000 1111	15	0F	SI
001 0000	16	10	DLE
001 0001	17	11	DC1
001 0010	18	12	DC2
001 0011	19	13	DC3
001 0100	20	14	DC4
001 0101	21	15	NAK
001 0110	22	16	SYN
001 0111	23	17	ETB
001 1000	24	18	CAN
001 1001	25	19	EM
001 1010	26	1A	SUB
001 1011	27	1B	ESC
001 1100	28	1C	FS
001 1101	29	1D	GS
001 1110	30	1E	RS
001 1111	31	1F	US

111 1111	127	7F	DEL

Binary	Dec	Hex	Glyph
010 0000	32	20	?
010 0001	33	21	!
010 0010	34	22	"
010 0011	35	23	#
010 0100	36	24	$
010 0101	37	25	%
010 0110	38	26	&
010 0111	39	27	'
010 1000	40	28	(
010 1001	41	29	)
010 1010	42	2A	*
010 1011	43	2B	+
010 1100	44	2C	,
010 1101	45	2D	-
010 1110	46	2E	.
010 1111	47	2F	/
011 0000	48	30	0
011 0001	49	31	1
011 0010	50	32	2
011 0011	51	33	3
011 0100	52	34	4
011 0101	53	35	5
011 0110	54	36	6
011 0111	55	37	7
011 1000	56	38	8
011 1001	57	39	9
011 1010	58	3A	:
011 1011	59	3B	;
011 1100	60	3C	<
011 1101	61	3D	=
011 1110	62	3E	>
011 1111	63	3F	?

Binary	Dec	Hex	Glyph
100 0000	64	40	@
100 0001	65	41	A
100 0010	66	42	B
100 0011	67	43	C
100 0100	68	44	D
100 0101	69	45	E
100 0110	70	46	F
100 0111	71	47	G
100 1000	72	48	H
100 1001	73	49	I
100 1010	74	4A	J
100 1011	75	4B	K
100 1100	76	4C	L
100 1101	77	4D	M
100 1110	78	4E	N
100 1111	79	4F	O
101 0000	80	50	P
101 0001	81	51	Q
101 0010	82	52	R
101 0011	83	53	S
101 0100	84	54	T
101 0101	85	55	U
101 0110	86	56	V
101 0111	87	57	W
101 1000	88	58	X
101 1001	89	59	Y
101 1010	90	5A	Z
101 1011	91	5B	[
101 1100	92	5C	\
101 1101	93	5D	]
101 1110	94	5E	^
101 1111	95	5F	_

Binary	Dec	Hex	Glyph
110 0000	96	60	`
110 0001	97	61	a
110 0010	98	62	b
110 0011	99	63	c
110 0100	100	64	d
110 0101	101	65	e
110 0110	102	66	f
110 0111	103	67	g
110 1000	104	68	h
110 1001	105	69	i
110 1010	106	6A	j
110 1011	107	6B	k
110 1100	108	6C	l
110 1101	109	6D	m
110 1110	110	6E	n
110 1111	111	6F	o
111 0000	112	70	p
111 0001	113	71	q
111 0010	114	72	r
111 0011	115	73	s
111 0100	116	74	t
111 0101	117	75	u
111 0110	118	76	v
111 0111	119	77	w
111 1000	120	78	x
111 1001	121	79	y
111 1010	122	7A	z
111 1011	123	7B	{
111 1100	124	7C	\|
111 1101	125	7D	}
111 1110	126	7E	~

Number Representation

Although computers operate on binary numbers, in MIPS number is represented in decimal system or hexadecimal system.When you need to insert number into a register, you have to remember what kind of number system that you want to write in the program. For example, to load number 16 into register $5, we have two ways to represent decimal 16 in MIPS:

1. ori $5, $0, 16 #load number 16 into register $5

2. ori $5, $0, 0x10 #load number 16 into register $5

Published by:

SITI NURHASTINI BINTI ROSALI (B031310320)